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Articles and Papers Related to Radio Science and Radio Astronomy

All publications below are copyrighted and may not be reproduced in any form without the author's written permission (see contact information at bottom of this page). The author of all papers is Whitham D. Reeve unless otherwise indicated.

Categories:

Antennas and Propagation    Applying and Measuring Ferrite Beads    Book Reviews    Callisto and e-CALLISTO    Geomagnetism and SAM-III    HAARP    Meteor    Miscellaneous Radio    Noise    Observations    Radio Astronomy    Radio Frequency Interference    Raspberry Pi Applications    Receivers    RF Amplifier Applications    Shop Practice    Sudden Frequency Deviations    Test and Measurement and Setup    Time    Transmission Lines and Connectors    Very Low Frequency and Low Frequency Applications

Antennas and Propagation

• 10 ~ 90 kHz Preamplifier for the HP 10509A Loop Antenna
• Anomalous HF Propagation to Anchorage, Alaska USA
• Antenna Application for the Quadrature Coupler
• Antenna System Bonding and Grounding Requirements in the USA (now includes a list of problems in 2012 ARRL Handbook for Radio Communications, Chapter 28, Safety)

• Antenna Tower Screw Anchor Installation Pictorial

• Channel Master Rotator Controller Modification for Web Control

• HAARP Antenna Array ~ Photographic Tour 2016

• HAARP Diagnostic Instruments ~ Photographic Tour 2017
• HAARP: Galactic Background Radiation Data Smoothing ~ Observations from the Radio JOVE Installation at HAARP ~ Gakona, Alaska
• HAARP Lunar Echo Experiment
• HAARP: New Radio Observatory Established at HAARP in Gakona, Alaska
• HAARP: Radio JOVE Observations of the Galactic Radio Background at HAARP ~ Gakona, Alaska
• HAARP: Radio Observations of the HAARP Research Campaign in April 2018
• HAARP: Radio Observations of the HAARP Summer 2018 Research Campaign
• HAARP: Radio Observations of the HAARP Winter 2018 Research Campaign
• HAARP: Radio Observations of the HAARP October 2022 Research Campaign

• Initial Results from VLF and LF Observations at Cohoe Radio Observatory in Alaska USA

• Installing the LWA Antenna at Cohoe Radio Observatory

• Introduction to Radio Wave Polarization

• LWA Antennas Around the World - 2020 Update: Presentation at the LWA User Meeting 2020

• Measurements of Propagation Delays Between WWV/WWVH and Anchorage, Alaska
• Modeling the Long Wavelength Array Crossed-Dipole Antenna
• Modeling and Measuring the Creative Design CLP5130-2N Log Periodic Antenna
• Modeling and Measuring the Creative Design CLP5130-1X Cross-Polarized Log Periodic Antenna
• Octagon Loop Antenna Construction
• PstRotator ~ Antenna Rotator Software Application for Radio Astronomy
• Radio Propagation Effects of a Severe Geomagnetic Disturbance
• Reception of SAQ Transmissions at Cohoe Radio Observatory in Alaska USA on 1 July 2018
• Reception of SAQ Transmissions at Cohoe Radio Observatory in Alaska USA on 30 June 2019
• Reception of SAQ Transmissions at Cohoe Radio Observatory on 24 December 2019
• Reception of SAQ Transmissions at Cohoe Radio Observatory on 4 July 2021
• Reception of SAQ Transmissions at Cohoe Radio Observatory on 24 October 2021
• Solar Activity Effects on Propagation at 15 MHz ~ Received at Anchorage, Alaska USA on 10 September 2017
• Solid-State Update for the HP 10509A Loop Antenna
• Square Loop Antenna, 1.2 m Diagonal ~ Mechanical and Electrical Characteristics and Construction Details
• Transmission Line, Power and Protection Considerations for the LWA Antenna System
• VLF-LF Loop Antenna Installation at Cohoe Radio Observatory

Applying and Measuring Ferrite Beads (posted with permission of co-authors)

• Part I - Ferrite Bead Properties and Test Fixtures (Whitham D. Reeve & Tom Hagen)
• Part II - Test Fixtures (Tom Hagen, Kurt Poulsen & Whitham D. Reeve)
• Part III - Measurements (Kurt Poulsen, Tom Hagen & Whitham D. Reeve)

Book Reviews ~ Radio Astronomy

• All Book Reviews here

Callisto and e-CALLISTO

• Click here for access to Callisto manuals including the construction manual and software setup guide
• Click here for access to Callisto articles and papers on this website
• Click here for access to Callisto articles and papers at e-Callisto.org

• Callisto and LWA Antenna Installation at HAARP, Gakona, Alaska

• Callisto-Lx ~ See below under Raspberry Pi Applications

• Callisto-Pi ~ See below under Raspberry Pi Applications

• Callisto Receiver, e-Callisto Solar Radio Spectrometer Network (2012)

• Callisto Receiver Upgrades and Modifications (2012)
• Callisto Software Tools and System Demonstration (2013)
• Callisto as a Wideband Down-Converter (2012)
• e-Callisto Solar Radio Burst Catalog (2013)

• Impedance Matching Issue with the CALLISTO Solar Radio Spectrometer (Christian Monstein & Whitham D. Reeve)

• Investigation of Compatibility Problems When Using Callisto with Windows 7 (2013)

• Preamplifiers for Callisto Solar Radio Spectrometer (2013)
• To Preamplify or Not
• Troubleshooting the Callisto 2nd IF Mixer & Amplifier (2013)
• Viewing Callisto Spectrograms ~ Quick Start Guide

Geomagnetism and SAM-III

• Auroral Oval and Auroral Zone
• Burial Depth of SAM-III Magnetometer Sensors
• Click here for access to the SAM and SAM-III manuals including the construction manual and software setup guide
• Click here for access to SAM and SAM-III observations and related information
• Geomagnetism Tutorial (2015)
• Geomagnetism and Space Weather Prediction Center Report of Solar and Geophysical Activity
• Geomagnetic observations
• Investigating the Performance of a Semi-Professional Magnetometer for Space Weather Research: 13 Years of Measurements from a Backyard in Anchorage (H. Barndt, D. Ozturk, W. Reeve)
• Mitigating SAM-III Magnetometer Sensor Cable Crosstalk
• Observations of ULF Waves at Anchorage, Alaska
• Siting of SAM-III Magnetometer Sensors ~ Case Study
• SAM-III Application Note 1 ~ Using the SAM-III with a Serial Data Recorder
• SAM-III Magnetometer Controller Temperature Sensitivity
• SAM-III Magnetometer Sensor Temperature Sensitivity
• Thermally Insulated Enclosure for SAM-III Magnetometer Sensors

HAARP ~ High-Frequency Active Auroral Research Program

• HAARP 2020 ~ High-Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (Presentation 3 April 2021)

• HAARP Antenna Array ~ Photographic Tour 2016

• HAARP Diagnostic Instruments ~ Photographic Tour 2017
• HAARP: Connect to the Cloud-IQ SDR at HAARP, Gakona, Alaska
• HAARP: Connect to the Radio JOVE Receiver at HAARP, Gakona, Alaska
• HAARP: Galactic Background Radiation Data Smoothing ~ Observations from the Radio JOVE Installation at HAARP ~ Gakona, Alaska
• HAARP Lunar Echo Experiment
• HAARP: New Radio Observatory Established at HAARP in Gakona, Alaska
• HAARP: Radio Observations of the HAARP Research Campaign in April 2018
• HAARP: Radio Observations of the HAARP Summer 2018 Research Campaign
• HAARP: Radio Observations of the HAARP Winter 2018 Research Campaign
• HAARP: Radio Observations of the HAARP October 2022 Research Campaign
• HAARP ~ Solar Orbiter Experiment
• HAARP: Unintentional Observations of a HAARP Experiment

Meteor Trail, Aurora and Aircraft Reflections and Other Interesting Spectra

• HF Aircraft Reflections Observed at Anchorage, Alaska USA
• HF Aurora Reflections Observed at Anchorage, Alaska USA
• HF Meteor Trail Reflections Observed at Anchorage, Alaska USA
• Sample of HF Radio Reflections from Meteor Trails Observed at Anchorage, Alaska USA
• Sample of HF Radio Reflections from Aurora Observed at Anchorage, Alaska USA
• Spectra & Propagation Oddities Observed at Anchorage, Alaska USA

Miscellaneous Radio

• Battery Backup for Station DC Power
• BETRS Radio Engineering Guide
• Calculate Hard Drive Storage Requirements for Audio WAV Files
• Internet Access to a Radio Astronomy Observatory
• Ionosphere-Distance Calculations
• Multi-Output Observatory Power Supply System

• Position, Distance and Bearing Calculations

• Uninterruptible Power System - Operation & Maintenance

Noise and Noise Tutorial

• Noise Series

• Part 1 ~ Noise Concepts

• Part 2 ~ Additional Noise Concepts

• Part 3 ~ Attenuator and Amplifier Noise

• Part 4 ~ Noise Factor

• Part 5 ~ Noise Factor Measurements

• Part 6 ~ Noise Measurements with a Spectrum Analyzer

• Packaging the HOT-1 Noise Source

Observations ~ Geomagnetic and Radio (some may be published elsewhere on this website)

• Geomagnetic & Combined Ionospheric & Geomagnetic

• 17 November 2018, Magnetically Speaking an Exceptionally Quiet Day

• Comparative Observations of the 12 May 2021 Geomagnetic Event (Reeve &Blackwell)

• Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) Causes Sudden Frequency Deviations (SFD) of ± 2 Hz at 15 and 25 MHz

• Geomagnetic Activity Observed at Anchorage, Alaska on 27 & 28 August 2021

• Geomagnetic Activity During Alaska's 2015 Autumn

• Geomagnetic Disturbance Observations in Alaska during September 2023

• Geomagnetic Sudden Impulses

• Geomagnetic Sudden Impulse Observations

• Geomagnetic Sudden Impulse Observation on 10 December 2020

• May 2012 Solar Activity ~ Radio and Geomagnetic Effects

• Nature’s 4th of July Fireworks Observed in Alaska (2022)

• Observations in Alaska of Solar Radio and Magnetic Activity During February 2023

• Observation of Ionospheric and Magnetic Transients on 27 November 2021

• Observations of Geomagnetic Storm Conditions at Anchorage, Alaska on 14 October 2017

• Observations of the 26 August 2018 Geomagnetic Storm

• Observations of ULF Waves at Anchorage, Alaska

• Radio, Magnetic and (Possible) X‐Ray Observations of the X1 Solar Flare on 29 March 2014

• Solar Radio & Geomagnetic Activity Oberved in Alaska During August 2022

• Solar Radio Observations at Anchorage, Alaska in March 2023

• Solar & Geomagnetic Storms 23-24 March 2024

• Summary of Geomagnetic Effects Observed During a Solar Cycle

• Time Aspects of the 12 October 2021 Geomagnetic Sudden Impulse

• Click here for access to geomagnetic reports

• Jupiter

• Listening to Jupiter's Radio Emissions (presentation, 2009)

• Listening to Jupiter's Radio Storms

• Click here for access to Jupiter radio observations

• Solar

• Coronal Mass Ejection Effects on HF Radio Propagation ~ 17 March 2015

• HF Radio Observations of X1.5 Solar Flare at Anchorage, Alaska on 3 July 2021

• Inverted U-Burst Observed on 21 August 2017 (Whitham D. Reeve and Christian Monstein)

• Listening to the Sun's Radio Storms

• May 2012 Solar Activity ~ Radio and Geomagnetic Effects

• More Sudden Frequency Deviations Observed at Anchorage, Alaska on 14 July 2024

• Observation of VHF Type II Solar Radio Burst on 28 May 2021

• Observations of VHF Type III Solar Radio Burst at Cohoe, Alaska on 3 July 2021

• Propagation Effects on WWV-15 by Solar Activity ~ Received at Anchorage, Alaska USA on 10 September 2017

• Radio Blackouts!

• Radio, Magnetic and (Possible) X‐Ray Observations of the X1 Solar Flare on 29 March 2014

• Radio & Geomagnetic Observations at Anchorage, Alaska on 28 July 2021

• Solar Flare Durations

• Solar Radio & Geomagnetic Activity Oberved in Alaska During August 2022

• Solar Radio Bursts and Gravity Waves Observed at HAARP, Gakona, Alaska USA (Whitham D. Reeve and Christian Monstein)

• Solar Radio Bursts Observed at Anchorage, Alaska in the High Frequency Band

• Solar Radio Burst Characteristics

• Solar Radio Noise Storms Observed at Cohoe Radio Observatory in September 2017

• Solar Radio Observations at Anchorage, Cohoe and HAARP Radio Observatories (Whitham D. Reeve and Christian Monstein)

• Sudden Frequency Deviations and Radio Blackout Observed at Anchorage, Alaska on 1 June 2024

• Summary of Solar Radio Emission Types and Characteristics

• Type II Solar Radio Burst Observed on 20 October 2017

• Type II and Type V Solar Radio Observed in Alaska (15 July 2023)

• VHF Solar Radio Bursts Observed at Cohoe, Alaska on 26 August 2021

• X8.7 Flare Observed at Radio Frequencies on 14 May 2024

• Click here for access to solar radio observations

• Sudden Frequency Deviations Caused by Solar Flares

• Observation of HF Sudden Frequency Deviation on 22 May 2021

• Part I ~ Sudden Frequency Deviations Caused by Solar Flares, Concepts

• Part II ~ Sudden Frequency Deviations Caused by Solar Flares, Instrumentation and Observations

• Part IIa ~ Sudden Frequency Deviations Caused by Solar Flares, All Observations

• Supplement to Sudden Frequency Deviations

• Sudden Frequency Deviations with Magnetic Effects Observed at Anchorage, Alaska on 14 July 2024

• Galactic Background Radiation

• Radio JOVE Observations of the Galactic Radio Background at HAARP ~ Gakona, Alaska

• HAARP: Galactic Background Radiation Data Smoothing ~ Observations from the Radio JOVE Installation at HAARP ~ Gakona, Alaska

Radio Astronomy

• Celestial Radio Sources
• Experiences of Attu Expedition ~ by Grote Reber ~ 9/3/1950 through 9/13/1950
• Listening to Jupiter's Radio Storms
• Listening to the Sun's Radio Storms
• NASA Eyes Visualization Tool and the 2017 Solar Eclipse
• Planning for the 2017 Solar Eclipse at VHF and UHF (Whitham D. Reeve and Christian Monstein)
• Planning for the 2017 Solar Eclipse at VLF and LF
• Radio Astronomy Frequency Allocations

• Solar Radio Bursts Observed at Anchorage, Alaska in the High Frequency Band

Radio Frequency Interference and Electromagnetic Interference

• Bibliography for Radio Frequency Interference Mitigation

Raspberry Pi Applications

• Callisto

• Callisto-Pi: Callisto Spectrograms from Raspberry Pi

• Callisto-Pi: Installation and Operation Guide

• Callisto-Lx: Callisto on Raspberry Pi

• Callisto-Lx: Installation and Operation Guide

• Callisto-Lx: Install the Minicom Terminal Emulator for Use with Callisto-Lx

• Callisto-Lx: Supplement for Manufactured Units

• GpsNtp-Pi Network Time Server

• GpsNtp-Pi: GPS Network Time Server on Raspberry Pi

• GpsNtp-Pi: Installation and Operation Guide

• GpsNtp-Pi: Supplement for Manufactured Units

• Long Wavelength Array

• LWA TV on the Raspberry Pi

• Update ~ LWA TV on the Raspberry Pi ~ Add LWA-SV

• LWA TV on the Raspberry Pi with Integrated Display

• Raspberry Pi

• Raspberry Pi Backup and Restore Procedures

• Raspberry Pi Basic Setup Guide

• Setup Static IP Address on Raspberry Pi

• Setup Wireless LAN (WLAN) on Raspberry Pi

• Software Defined Radio

• AirSpy Server on the Raspberry Pi 3

• Flight-Pi ~ FlightAware PiAware on the Raspberry Pi

Receivers

• Icom R-75 Common Problem

• ICom R-75 Repairs

• Icom R-75 CR-282 Oven Controlled Crystal Upgrade

• Installing AirSpy and SpyVerter with SDR# and Radio-Sky Spectrograph

• Installing SDRPlay RSP with SDRPlay2RSS and Radio-Sky Spectrograph

• Receiver Output Stability Analysis, Part 1: Concepts

• Receiver Output Stability Analysis, Part 2: Measurements

• Ten-Tec 1254 Receiver AGC Modifications

• Ten-Tec 1254 Receiver Upgrade

• Using the SDRPlay SDR Receivers with an External Frequency Reference

RF Amplifier Applications

• Application Note on Remote Amplifier Powering
• Packaging a Bias-Tee Module
• Packaging a Low Noise RF Amplifier Module

Shop Practice

• Serial Port Adapter Wiring Diagrams
• Soldering Surface Mount Technology Components
• The SMA RF Connector and Associated Tools
• Overcoming Design Deficiencies in RigRunner DC Distribution Panels
• Uninterruptible Power System ~ Operation & Maintenance
• USB Port Management Guide (updated Jan 2016)

Test and Measurement and Setup

• Applying and Measuring Ferrite Beads

• Part I - Ferrite Bead Properties and Test Fixtures (Whitham D. Reeve & Tom Hagen)

• Part II - Test Fixtures (Tom Hagen, Kurt Poulsen & Whitham D. Reeve)

• Part III - Measurements (Kurt Poulsen, Tom Hagen & Whitham D. Reeve)

• Building an S-Parameter Test Set for the VNWA-3E Vector Network Analyzer

• Erstellen eines S-Parameter-Test-Sets für den VNWA-3E  (German translations thanks to Manfred Zillmer)

• Building Version 2 of an S-Parameter Test Set for the VNWA-3E

• Erstellen von Version 2 eines S-Parameter-Test-Sets fur den VNWA-3E (German translation thanks to Manfred Zillmer)

• FA-VA5 Vector Antenna Analyzer and RF Explorer WSUB1G+ Spectrum Analyzer

• Filters: AM Broadcast Band Rejection Filters

• Filters: Basic Filters and Applications

• Filters: Cascaded Filter for the LWA Antenna

• Filters: FM Broadcast Band Rejection Filters

• Filters: Filter Measurements with a Vector Network Analyzer

• nanoVNA Calibration Standards

• Packaging the HOT-1 Noise Source

• Plotting Spectrum Analyzer Data without a Plotter
• Principles and Practice of Earth Electrode Measurements

• Receiver Output Stability Analysis, Part 1: Concepts

• Receiver Output Stability Analysis, Part 2: Measurements

• Soundcard Setup for Radio-SkyPipe

• Soundcard Setup Tester for Radio-SkyPipe

• WB-SB1 Wideband RF Signal Generator

Time Keeping and Reference Frequency

• 10 MHz Reference Distribution Amplifier
• Application of GDOs to SDR Receivers
• Comparison of Inexpensive 10 MHz GNSS Disciplined Oscillators
• Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) to Retain Leap Second Until At Least 2023
• GpsNtp-Pi Network Time Server ~ See above under Raspberry Pi Applications
• Is Time Broken (or, Will It Be Y2K All Over Again)?
• Leap Second to be Added in 2015
• Maintain Your Time
• Measurements of Propagation Delays Between WWV/WWVH and Anchorage, Alaska
• Meinberg NTP Time Server Monitor Guide
• Network Time Protocol and Meinberg NTP Time Server Monitor ~ Installation Guide
• Reference Frequency Distribution System
• Time Differences in Charted Solar Observations at High Frequencies
• Time Keeping

Transmission Lines and Connectors

• BNC Adapters ~ The Weight of the Evidence

• Coaxial Cable Shields

• The SMA RF Connector and Associated Tools

Very Low Frequency and Low Frequency Applications

• 10 ~ 90 kHz Preamplifier for the HP 10509A Loop Antenna

• Application of the UKRAA Very Low Frequency Receiver System

• Comparison of Signals from VLF Stations South and West of Cohoe Radio Observatory During June 2021

• Initial Results from VLF and LF Observations at Cohoe Radio Observatory in Alaska USA

• Low Frequency Observations of the 4 December 2021 Solar Eclipse

• Monitoring Low Frequency Propagation with a Software Defined Radio Receiver

• Part I ~ Propagation Concepts

• Part II ~ Observations Using the SDRPlay RSP2Pro Receiver

• PowerPoint Presentation of Monitoring Low Frequency Propagation with a Software Defined Radio Receiver

• Octagon Loop Antenna Construction

• Planning for the 2017 Solar Eclipse at VLF and LF

• Power Coupler for VLF and LF Antenna Applications

• Reception of SAQ Transmissions at Cohoe Radio Observatory in Alaska USA on 1 July 2018
• Reception of SAQ Transmissions at Cohoe Radio Observatory in Alaska USA on 30 June 2019

• RF Choke for VLF and LF Applications

• RF Splitter for VLF and LF Applications

• SAQ Reception at Cohoe, Alaska on 30 June 2024

• Square Loop Antenna, 1.2 m Diagonal ~ Mechanical and Electrical Characteristics and Construction Details

• Solid-State Update for the HP 10509A Loop Antenna

• VLF-LF Loop Antenna Installation at Cohoe Radio Observatory

• VLF-LF Station List

• VLF-LF Station List - Abridged

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